{"id":55673,"date":"2018-09-21T09:05:48","date_gmt":"2018-09-21T07:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/?p=55673"},"modified":"2026-08-11T09:15:29","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T07:15:29","slug":"on-the-need-for-translation-of-documents-in-service-within-the-european-union","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/cat\/sobre-la-necessitat-de-traduccio-de-documents-en-servei-dins-la-unio-europea\/","title":{"rendered":"Sobre la necessitat de la traducci\u00f3 de documents en servei dins la Uni\u00f3 Europea"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Quan un document judicial o extrajudicial en una mat\u00e8ria civil o comercial hagi de ser transm\u00e8s d'un Estat membre de la UE a un altre amb la finalitat de la notificaci\u00f3, s'aplica el Reglament de la UE sobre la notificaci\u00f3 (\u201cReglament (CE) n\u00fam. 1393\/2007 del Parlament Europeu i del Consell, de 13 de novembre de 2007, sobre la notificaci\u00f3 als Estats membres dels documents judicials i extrajudicials en mat\u00e8ria civil o comercial (notificaci\u00f3 de documents), i pel qual es deroga el Reglament del Consell (CE) n\u00fam. 1348\/2000\u201d). El Reglament de la UE sobre la notificaci\u00f3 de documents determina si un document d'aquest tipus s'ha de traduir i, si \u00e9s aix\u00ed, a quina llengua.<\/p>\n<p>Estructura i orientaci\u00f3 pr\u00e0ctica<br \/>\nSegons la Regulaci\u00f3 de Serveis de la UE, la decisi\u00f3 sobre si un document a notificar s'ha de traduir es deixa a la persona que desitja que es notifiqui el document.<\/p>\n<p>Tanmateix, el destinatari del document pot rebutjar l'acceptaci\u00f3 del servei, o pot retornar el document en el termini d'una setmana, si no est\u00e0 redactat en una de les lleng\u00fces seg\u00fcents o no va acompanyat d'una traducci\u00f3 a una de les lleng\u00fces seg\u00fcents:<br \/>\na) un idioma que el destinatari ent\u00e9n; o<br \/>\nb) una llengua oficial de l'Estat membre adre\u00e7at.<\/p>\n<p>Per tant, hi ha dues opcions pr\u00e0ctiques:<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">1. Si es vol anar sobre segur des del principi, el document a notificar s'hauria de traduir a una llengua oficial de l'Estat membre adre\u00e7at. Segons l'Estat membre, hi pot haver diverses lleng\u00fces d'aquest tipus, que de vegades nom\u00e9s s'apliquen a determinades parts d'aquest Estat membre. Aquesta opci\u00f3 comporta els costos de traducci\u00f3.\r\n2. Si es vol intentar evitar aquests costos, el document es pot notificar en una llengua que el sol\u00b7licitant creu que el destinatari ent\u00e9n. Si el destinatari despr\u00e9s es nega a acceptar la notificaci\u00f3, la traducci\u00f3 encara es pot presentar posteriorment.\r\nEn la segona opci\u00f3, no hi ha risc que es perdi un termini si el destinatari es nega v\u00e0lidament a acceptar la notificaci\u00f3. D'acord amb l'article 8.3 del Reglament de notificaci\u00f3 de la UE, generalment es considera que el document ha estat notificat nom\u00e9s a partir de la segona notificaci\u00f3, \u00e9s a dir, la notificaci\u00f3 amb la traducci\u00f3. No obstant aix\u00f2, quan la legislaci\u00f3 d'un estat membre exigeix que un document es notifiqui dins d'un termini espec\u00edfic, la primera notificaci\u00f3 \u2014\u00e9s a dir, la notificaci\u00f3 sense la traducci\u00f3\u2014 \u00e9s decisiva pel que fa al sol\u00b7licitant.\r\nJurisprud\u00e8ncia\n\nEl Reglament de notificaci\u00f3 de la UE no defineix qui s'ha de considerar el \u201cdestinatari\u201d, especialment en el cas de les persones jur\u00eddiques, ni especifica quan es considera que un destinatari \u201cent\u00e9n\u201d una llengua determinada. Aquests requisits han estat aclarits per la jurisprud\u00e8ncia, en particular per una sent\u00e8ncia del Tribunal de Just\u00edcia de la Uni\u00f3 Europea (TJUE, Tercera Sala, 8 de maig de 2008, C-14\/07, Ingenieurb\u00fcro M. Weiss und Partner GbR contra IHK Berlin, NJW 2008, 1721), a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia d'una remissi\u00f3 prejudicial del Tribunal Federal de Just\u00edcia d'Alemanya (BGH, 21 de desembre de 2006, VII ZR 164\/05, EuZW 2007, 187).\r\nCal tenir en compte els punts clau seg\u00fcents:\n\na) \u201cDestinatari\u201d\n\nEls tribunals no han adoptat un enfocament uniforme en aquest punt.\r\n\u2022  Opini\u00f3 1: Les compet\u00e8ncies ling\u00fc\u00edstiques rellevants s\u00f3n les de la persona responsable de l'assumpte concret. Aix\u00f2 sol ser el departament jur\u00eddic, si n'hi ha, i \u00e9s irrellevant que el director de vendes responsable del mercat alemany domini molt b\u00e9 l'alemany. (Tribunal Regional de Frankfurt am Main, 3 d'abril de 2014, 2-03 O 95\/13, BeckRS 2014, 16716)\r\n\u2022  Opini\u00f3 2: En el cas d'una empresa organitzada sobre la base de la divisi\u00f3 del treball, l'avaluaci\u00f3 de les compet\u00e8ncies ling\u00fc\u00edstiques requerides no s'hauria de centrar en la persona que rep f\u00edsicament el servei. M\u00e9s aviat, s'ha d'examinar si l'empresa t\u00e9 internament les compet\u00e8ncies ling\u00fc\u00edstiques pertinents o, at\u00e8s l'abast de les seves activitats comercials en un pa\u00eds determinat, les hauria de tenir (Tribunal Local de Berl\u00edn-Mitte, 8 de mar\u00e7 de 2017, 15 C 364\/16, IPRax 2018, 408). D'una banda, \u00e9s raonable esperar que el destinatari recorri a tots els recursos interns; d'altra banda, els canvis en els nomenaments corporatius s\u00f3n purament interns i no s\u00f3n evidents per al remitent. (Vegeu, per exemple, Tribunal Local d'Erding, 5 de desembre de 2013, 4 C 1702\/13, BeckRS 2014, 16268)\n\nb) \u201cEntendre\u201d\r\n\u2022  El nivell de domini de l'idioma ha de permetre al destinatari entendre els documents oficials i el llenguatge judicial que s'hi utilitza. (Tribunal Regional de Frankfurt am Main, 3 d'abril de 2014, 2-03 O 95\/13, BeckRS 2014, 16716)\r\n\u2022  No correspon al destinatari decidir si ent\u00e9n una llengua determinada; si no, el destinatari podria determinar efectivament la validesa de la notificaci\u00f3.\r\n\u2022  Signar una cl\u00e0usula que preveu l'\u00fas d'una llengua determinada en la correspond\u00e8ncia i en l'execuci\u00f3 d'un contracte no pot crear una presumpci\u00f3 de coneixement de la llengua acordada; nom\u00e9s pot servir com a indicaci\u00f3, especialment quan la cl\u00e0usula tamb\u00e9 cobreix les comunicacions amb les autoritats i les institucions p\u00fabliques.\n\n\u2022  Altres indicacions possibles poden incloure les seg\u00fcents:<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">o El destinatari del document, de fet, ha correspost en la llengua del document notificat. A aquest efecte, \u00e9s irrellevant si el destinatari ha redactat personalment les cartes en aquesta llengua o ha rebut l'assist\u00e8ncia d'alg\u00fa que la domini, sempre que el destinatari hagi signat personalment les cartes. (Tribunal Regional de Bonn, 30 de novembre de 2010, 10 O 502\/09, BeckRS 2011, 21269)\r\no  El contracte original cont\u00e9 cl\u00e0usules que atorguen jurisdicci\u00f3 als tribunals de l'Estat membre de transmissi\u00f3 per a les controv\u00e8rsies o que sotmeten el contracte a la llei d'aquest Estat membre.\r\no El destinatari del document va respondre al tribunal en alemany i, pel contingut, la forma i la redacci\u00f3 de la resposta, va demostrar que era capa\u00e7 de presentar l'assumpte en alemany. (Tribunal Regional de D\u00fcsseldorf, 12 de gener de 2010, 4b O 286\/08, BeckRS 2011, 03329)\r\no  El destinatari va respondre en alemany a una carta preprocessal de l'interessat. (Jutjat Local de Berl\u00edn-Mitte, 8 de mar\u00e7 de 2017, 15 C 364\/16, IPRax 2018, 408)\r\no El destinatari mant\u00e9 un lloc web en alemany i utilitza una adre\u00e7a de domini .de. (Tribunal Local de Berl\u00edn-Mitte, 8 de mar\u00e7 de 2017, 15 C 364\/16, IPRax 2018, 408)\r\no  Donada l'escala de les activitats comercials del destinatari en un pa\u00eds determinat \u2014per exemple, m\u00e9s de 20 milions de clients a Alemanya\u2014, el destinatari ha de tenir empleats amb coneixements jur\u00eddics que parlin l'idioma pertinent. (Jutjat Local de Berl\u00edn-Mitte, 8 de mar\u00e7 de 2017, 15 C 364\/16, IPRax 2018, 408)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Where a judicial or extrajudicial document in a civil or commercial matter is to be transmitted from one EU Member State to another for the purpose of service, the EU Service Regulation applies (\u201cRegulation (EC) No 1393\/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 November 2007 on the service in the Member [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":55674,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Where a judicial or 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