{"id":55220,"date":"2019-05-16T10:58:46","date_gmt":"2019-05-16T08:58:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/?p=55220"},"modified":"2026-08-05T11:04:01","modified_gmt":"2026-08-05T09:04:01","slug":"refusal-to-cooperate-with-the-liquidator-may-give-rise-to-the-unlimited-liability-of-a-hungarian-managing-director","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/es\/refusal-to-cooperate-with-the-liquidator-may-give-rise-to-the-unlimited-liability-of-a-hungarian-managing-director\/","title":{"rendered":"La negativa a cooperar con el liquidador puede dar lugar a la responsabilidad ilimitada de un director general h\u00fangaro"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En Hungr\u00eda, la responsabilidad de los directivos de las personas jur\u00eddicas es una cuesti\u00f3n frecuente en la pr\u00e1ctica jur\u00eddica. En el pasado, los tribunales no siempre se mostraban coherentes a este respecto. Sin embargo, recientemente, nuestro bufete ha conseguido una sentencia de importancia fundamental, que establece que un tribunal puede atribuir responsabilidad ilimitada a un directivo no bas\u00e1ndose en principios generales del Derecho o en las normas generales sobre da\u00f1os y perjuicios, sino \u00fanicamente en los casos de levantamiento del velo corporativo expresamente permitidos por la ley.<\/p>\n<p>Dicha disposici\u00f3n expresa figura en el art\u00edculo 33\/A de la Ley de Quiebras de Hungr\u00eda. En virtud de esta disposici\u00f3n, los directivos, como los consejeros delegados o los miembros del consejo de administraci\u00f3n, pueden ser considerados responsables si, durante los tres a\u00f1os anteriores a la fecha de inicio de la liquidaci\u00f3n y tras la aparici\u00f3n de una situaci\u00f3n que amenace con la insolvencia, no cumplieron con sus obligaciones de gesti\u00f3n teniendo debidamente en cuenta los intereses de los acreedores y, en relaci\u00f3n causal con ello, el patrimonio del operador econ\u00f3mico se haya reducido o la satisfacci\u00f3n \u00edntegra de los cr\u00e9ditos de los acreedores pueda verse frustrada por cualquier otra raz\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>\u00bfQu\u00e9 significa esto en la pr\u00e1ctica?<\/p>\n<p>En Hungr\u00eda, a diferencia de lo que ocurre, por ejemplo, en Alemania, por lo general no existe una obligaci\u00f3n absoluta de solicitar la declaraci\u00f3n de insolvencia. Sin embargo, si un directivo detecta una situaci\u00f3n que amenaza con la insolvencia, existen dos formas de evitar una posterior responsabilidad civil: o bien la empresa se declara en concurso de acreedores, o bien el directivo act\u00faa como un administrador cuasi-concursal y da prioridad a los intereses de los acreedores frente a las prioridades generales de la empresa.<br \/>\nEl art\u00edculo 33\/A, apartado 5, de la Ley de Quiebras establece diversas presunciones refutables relativas a la responsabilidad de un directivo en los casos en que este no coopere con el liquidador en un procedimiento de liquidaci\u00f3n posterior.<\/p>\n<p>En un caso que nuestro bufete ha ganado recientemente, el tribunal dictamin\u00f3 que, cuando el acreedor demandante alega no solo que exist\u00eda una situaci\u00f3n que amenazaba con la insolvencia durante el mandato del director ejecutivo, sino tambi\u00e9n que concurr\u00edan circunstancias en virtud de las cuales el tribunal habr\u00eda declarado, de otro modo, la insolvencia efectiva con arreglo al art\u00edculo 27, apartado 2, de la Ley de Quiebras, el antiguo directivo no tiene una oportunidad real de demostrar que no exist\u00eda una situaci\u00f3n que amenazara con la insolvencia y que, por lo tanto, no estaba obligado ni a solicitar la declaraci\u00f3n de insolvencia ni a continuar gestionando la empresa de acuerdo con los intereses de los acreedores. En consecuencia, el tribunal puede declarar la responsabilidad ilimitada del antiguo directivo \u2014en el caso que nos ocupa, el director general de una sociedad de responsabilidad limitada\u2014 sin necesidad de un examen m\u00e1s detallado. En \u00faltima instancia, por lo tanto, pueden iniciarse procedimientos de ejecuci\u00f3n contra el patrimonio personal del antiguo directivo, incluso si los activos de la sociedad en liquidaci\u00f3n fueran, por s\u00ed solos, insuficientes para satisfacer los cr\u00e9ditos de los acreedores.<\/p>\n<p>Por lo tanto, no es cierto que, como a menudo se cree err\u00f3neamente, en Hungr\u00eda sea imposible o casi imposible exigir la responsabilidad personal de un director general. Es posible levantar el velo corporativo si se sigue la v\u00eda procesal adecuada. En nuestra opini\u00f3n, el problema radica en que las partes afectadas a menudo no recurren al profesional adecuado, quien, a su vez, intenta hacer valer las reclamaciones mediante un procedimiento inadecuado.<\/p>\n<p>\u00bfTambi\u00e9n est\u00e1s implicado en un asunto contra un antiguo directivo? <\/p>\n<p>No dudes en ponerte en contacto con nosotros.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Hungary, holding executive officers of legal entities liable is a frequent issue in legal practice. In the past, the courts were not always consistent in this respect. Recently, however, our firm obtained a decision of fundamental importance, which established that a court may find an executive officer to have unlimited liability not by relying [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":55221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In Hungary, holding executive officers of legal entities liable is a frequent issue in legal practice. In the past, the courts were not always consistent in this respect. 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08:58:46","updated":"2026-08-05 09:36:57","seo_analyzer_scan_date":null,"focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/es\" title=\"Home\">Home<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/es\/category\/news-en\/\" title=\"News\">News<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tRefusal to Cooperate with the Liquidator May Give Rise to the Unlimited Liability of a Hungarian Managing Director\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"Home","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/es"},{"label":"News","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/es\/category\/news-en\/"},{"label":"Refusal to Cooperate with the Liquidator May Give Rise to the Unlimited Liability of a 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