{"id":55380,"date":"2020-04-28T12:13:44","date_gmt":"2020-04-28T10:13:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/?p=55380"},"modified":"2026-08-06T12:19:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T10:19:12","slug":"covid-19-obligation-to-file-for-insolvency-suspended-for-ug-gmbh-gmbh-co-kg-ag-and-registered-associations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/hun\/covid-19-obligation-to-file-for-insolvency-suspended-for-ug-gmbh-gmbh-co-kg-ag-and-registered-associations\/","title":{"rendered":"Covid-19: Felf\u00fcggesztett\u00e9k a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi elj\u00e1r\u00e1s megind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra vonatkoz\u00f3 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9get az UG, a GmbH, a GmbH &amp; Co. KG, az AG \u00e9s a bejegyzett egyes\u00fcletek eset\u00e9ben"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mikor alkalmazand\u00f3, \u00e9s mikor nem?<\/p>\n<p>Az \u00fagynevezett Covid-19 fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi felf\u00fcggeszt\u00e9si t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny (COVInsAG) visszamen\u0151leges hat\u00e1llyal, 2020. m\u00e1rcius 1-j\u00e9t\u0151l l\u00e9pett hat\u00e1lyba, \u00e9s bizonyos felt\u00e9telek mellett felf\u00fcggeszti az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151k vagy igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1gi tagok fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi elj\u00e1r\u00e1s megind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra vonatkoz\u00f3 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g\u00e9t. K\u00eds\u00e9r\u0151 int\u00e9zked\u00e9sk\u00e9nt tov\u00e1bb\u00e1 korl\u00e1tozza a t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gi szervek felel\u0151ss\u00e9g\u00e9t a Covid-19-j\u00e1rv\u00e1ny \u00e1ltal okozott fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g eset\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<p>A fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi elj\u00e1r\u00e1s megind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra vonatkoz\u00f3 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g felf\u00fcggeszt\u00e9se eredetileg 2020. szeptember 30-ig \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes, \u00e9s sz\u00fcks\u00e9g eset\u00e9n \u2013 a Bundesrat hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rul\u00e1sa n\u00e9lk\u00fcl \u2013 jogszab\u00e1lyi rendelettel legk\u00e9s\u0151bb 2021. m\u00e1rcius 31-ig meghosszabb\u00edthat\u00f3. Ez m\u00e9g k\u00e9rd\u00e9ses (2020. \u00e1prilis \u00e1llapot szerint).<\/p>\n<p>A felf\u00fcggeszt\u00e9s felt\u00e9telei:<br \/>\nA fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi elj\u00e1r\u00e1s megind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra vonatkoz\u00f3 k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g felf\u00fcggeszt\u00e9se nem alkalmazand\u00f3, ha a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g bek\u00f6vetkez\u00e9se nem a SARS-CoV-2 \/ Covid-19 koronav\u00edrus-j\u00e1rv\u00e1ny terjed\u00e9s\u00e9nek k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyein alapul, vagy ha a m\u00e1r fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g megsz\u00fcntet\u00e9s\u00e9re nincs kil\u00e1t\u00e1s. Amennyiben a t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g 2019. december 31-\u00e9n m\u00e9g nem volt fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelen, a t\u00f6rv\u00e9ny a t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g jav\u00e1ra v\u00e9lelmezi, hogy a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g a Covid-19-j\u00e1rv\u00e1ny hat\u00e1sainak tudhat\u00f3 be, \u00e9s hogy kil\u00e1t\u00e1s van arra, hogy a t\u00e1rsas\u00e1g megsz\u00fcntesse a fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9get.<\/p>\n<p>A v\u00e1ls\u00e1gba ker\u00fclt v\u00e1llalatok ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak gyakorlat\u00e1ban annak eld\u00f6nt\u00e9se, hogy 2019. december 31-\u00e9n m\u00e1r fenn\u00e1llt-e fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g, azt jelenti, hogy az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151 igazgat\u00f3nak vagy az igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1gnak k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6s gondoss\u00e1ggal kell vizsg\u00e1lnia ezt a k\u00e9rd\u00e9st. 2019. december 31-ig tov\u00e1bbra is azok az elvek alkalmazand\u00f3k a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g fenn\u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1nak \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9re, amelyeket a Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi B\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1g \u00e1lland\u00f3 joggyakorlat\u00e1ban meg\u00e1llap\u00edtott.<\/p>\n<p>A gyakorlat azt is mutatja, hogy az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151k \u00e9s az igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1gi tagok gyakran saj\u00e1t javukra, de egyszer\u0171en helytelen\u00fcl \u00e9rtelmezik a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g vagy a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g krit\u00e9riumait. Ez rendszeresen a t\u00e1rsas\u00e1gi szervek felel\u0151ss\u00e9g\u00e9hez, \u00e9s \u00edgy az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151 vagy az igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1gi tag szem\u00e9lyes felel\u0151ss\u00e9g\u00e9hez vezet, valamint sz\u00e1mos visszavon\u00e1si ig\u00e9nyhez, amelyeket a cs\u0151dbiztos k\u00e9s\u0151bb gyakran k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl a m\u00e9rlegb\u0151l tud levezetni.<br \/>\nHa egy v\u00e1ls\u00e1gba ker\u00fclt v\u00e1llalat \u00fcgyvezet\u0151je vagy igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1ga nem csup\u00e1n a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi gondnok k\u00e9s\u0151bbi munk\u00e1j\u00e1t k\u00edv\u00e1nja megk\u00f6nny\u00edteni, hanem a v\u00e1llalatot sikeresen \u00e1t k\u00edv\u00e1nja vezetni a koronav\u00edrus-v\u00e1ls\u00e1gon, akkor elengedhetetlen a v\u00e1llalat helyzet\u00e9nek alapos, fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi jogi szempontb\u00f3l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9se \u00e9s felm\u00e9r\u00e9se. Ennek sor\u00e1n az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151 vagy az igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1g ne habozzon szak\u00e9rt\u0151i tan\u00e1csot k\u00e9rni.<\/p>\n<p>A 2019. december 31. el\u0151tt fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g nem jelent probl\u00e9m\u00e1t<\/p>\n<p>Amennyiben 2019. december 31. el\u0151tt kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g \u00e1llt fenn, de a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g nem, a COVInsAG 1. \u00a7-\u00e1nak 3. mondata egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171 megfogalmaz\u00e1sa alapj\u00e1n jogi v\u00e9lelem keletkezik arra vonatkoz\u00f3an, hogy a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g bek\u00f6vetkez\u00e9s\u00e9nek id\u0151pontja a koronav\u00edrus-j\u00e1rv\u00e1ny hat\u00e1sain alapul. Technikai szempontb\u00f3l ez meglep\u0151, mert ha a v\u00e1llalat m\u00e1r 2019. december 31. el\u0151tt is t\u00falzottan elad\u00f3sodott volt, akkor t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmileg lehetetlen, hogy a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g bek\u00f6vetkez\u00e9se egy olyan vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1nyra vezethet\u0151 vissza, amely legkor\u00e1bban 2020 janu\u00e1rj\u00e1ban jelentkezett. Ez mindazon\u00e1ltal egy jogalkot\u00f3i \u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00edt\u00e9letet t\u00fckr\u00f6z: a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g ebben a tekintetben nyilv\u00e1nval\u00f3an irrelev\u00e1ns, annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy az InsO 19. \u00a7-a szerint a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g tov\u00e1bbra is v\u00e1ltozatlanul fenn\u00e1ll a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9gi elj\u00e1r\u00e1s megind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak okak\u00e9nt. A tendencia cs\u00f6kken\u0151: m\u00e1r a 2008-as p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi piaci v\u00e1ls\u00e1g idej\u00e9n is alapvet\u0151en megv\u00e1ltozott a jogalkot\u00f3 t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1gra vonatkoz\u00f3 \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9se. Az FMStG 5. cikke r\u00e9v\u00e9n a rendelkez\u00e9st nem csup\u00e1n a folytat\u00e1si el\u0151rejelz\u00e9s bevezet\u00e9s\u00e9vel enyh\u00edtett\u00e9k, hanem alapvet\u0151en m\u00f3dos\u00edtott\u00e1k. Ennek ellen\u00e9re a cs\u0151dgondnokok \u00e9s a Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi B\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1g joggyakorlat\u00e1nak alakul\u00e1sa tov\u00e1bbra is hangs\u00falyozza a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9t. A cs\u0151dgondnokok eset\u00e9ben ez az \u00e9rdek \u00e9rthet\u0151, m\u00edg a Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi B\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1g, mint a hitelez\u0151k v\u00e9delm\u00e9nek legf\u0151bb \u0151re, csup\u00e1n k\u00f6vetkezetesen alkalmazza azt, amit a cs\u0151dt\u00f6rv\u00e9ny m\u00e9g mindig el\u0151\u00edr. B\u00e1r a t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyhoz\u00f3 a COVInsAG-gal tov\u00e1bbra is t\u00e1volodik a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1gt\u00f3l, mint az elj\u00e1r\u00e1s megind\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1nak ok\u00e1t\u00f3l, peres tapasztalataink azt mutatj\u00e1k, hogy a b\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1gok \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban tov\u00e1bbra is szil\u00e1rdan ragaszkodnak a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9hez. <\/p>\n<p>A fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g felsz\u00e1mol\u00e1s\u00e1nak kil\u00e1t\u00e1sa jelenti az \u00faj, rendk\u00edv\u00fcl rugalmas, pozit\u00edv folytat\u00e1sra vonatkoz\u00f3 el\u0151rejelz\u00e9st<br \/>\nAmennyiben a v\u00e1llalat 2019. december 31-ig nem volt fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelen, az \u00faj jogszab\u00e1lyi sz\u00f6vegez\u00e9s automatikusan \u00e9s gyakorlatilag c\u00e1folhatatlanul felt\u00e9telezi, hogy fenn\u00e1llnak a szerkezet\u00e1talak\u00edt\u00e1s kil\u00e1t\u00e1sai. Ez olyan helyzetet eredm\u00e9nyez, amely a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1gra vonatkoz\u00f3 jogszab\u00e1lyokban eddig m\u00e9g soha nem fordult el\u0151: a 2019. december 31-i fizet\u0151k\u00e9pess\u00e9g b\u00e1rmely k\u00e9s\u0151bbi \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9si id\u0151pontban \u2013 potenci\u00e1lisan m\u00e9g 2020 szeptember\u00e9ben vagy ak\u00e1r 2021 m\u00e1rcius\u00e1ban is \u2013 a tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9g folytat\u00e1s\u00e1ra vonatkoz\u00f3 pozit\u00edv el\u0151rejelz\u00e9s meger\u0151s\u00edt\u0151 meg\u00e1llap\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezet. Ez val\u00f3ban igazi aj\u00e1nd\u00e9k, mivel a Sz\u00f6vets\u00e9gi B\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1g kor\u00e1bban a t\u00falzott elad\u00f3sodotts\u00e1g eseteiben a pozit\u00edv folytat\u00e1sra vonatkoz\u00f3 el\u0151rejelz\u00e9s fenn\u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1t nagyon konkr\u00e9t \u00e9s szigor\u00faan \u00e9rtelmezett krit\u00e9riumokhoz k\u00f6t\u00f6tte, mint p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a gondos vezet\u0151 szemsz\u00f6g\u00e9b\u0151l n\u00e9zve a siker t\u00falnyom\u00f3 val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9ge, egy koherens k\u00f6z\u00e9pt\u00e1v\u00fa szerkezet\u00e1talak\u00edt\u00e1si \u00e9s likvidit\u00e1si koncepci\u00f3, szoros heti p\u00e9nz\u00fcgyi nyomon k\u00f6vet\u00e9s, \u00e9s hasonl\u00f3 k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyek. Ezt a 2008 \u00f3ta alkalmazott szigor\u00fa keretrendszert most egyel\u0151re f\u00e9lretett\u00e9k.<\/p>\n<p>Most m\u00e1r elegend\u0151 puszt\u00e1n annak kil\u00e1t\u00e1sa, hogy a fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g megsz\u0171nik \u2013 id\u0151beli k\u00f6vetelm\u00e9nyek n\u00e9lk\u00fcl. A felf\u00fcggeszt\u00e9s csak akkor alkalmazand\u00f3, ha ilyen kil\u00e1t\u00e1s nem \u00e1ll fenn. 2020. okt\u00f3ber 1-j\u00e9t\u0151l, illetve \u2013 amennyiben a t\u00f6rv\u00e9nyt a v\u00e1rakoz\u00e1soknak megfelel\u0151en meghosszabb\u00edtj\u00e1k \u2013 2021. \u00e1prilis 1-j\u00e9t\u0151l azonban az \u00faj jogszab\u00e1ly ism\u00e9t el\u0151\u00edrja a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g bejelent\u00e9s\u00e9nek k\u00f6telezetts\u00e9g\u00e9t m\u00e9g a pand\u00e9mia k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeit\u0151l \u00e9rintett v\u00e1llalatok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra is, amennyiben a fizet\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelens\u00e9g addigra is fenn\u00e1ll. <\/p>\n<p>Legal\u00e1bbis am\u00edg a felel\u0151ss\u00e9gre von\u00e1si elj\u00e1r\u00e1sok b\u00edr\u00f3s\u00e1gi gyakorlat\u00e1ban meglehet\u0151sen nagy a kock\u00e1zata annak, hogy az \u00e9rintett v\u00e1llalat gazdas\u00e1gi talpra \u00e1ll\u00e1s\u00e1nak val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171s\u00e9g\u00e9t t\u00e9vesen \u00edt\u00e9lik meg \u2013 \u00e9s ebben a tekintetben az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151 igazgat\u00f3ra vagy az igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1gi tagra h\u00e1rul a teljes bizony\u00edt\u00e1si teher, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a felment\u00e9s ir\u00e1nti k\u00e9relem beny\u00fajt\u00e1sakor \u2013, a jogalkot\u00f3 legal\u00e1bb ideiglenesen nagylelk\u0171en mentes\u00edteni k\u00edv\u00e1nja az \u00fcgyvezet\u0151t vagy az igazgat\u00f3s\u00e1gi tagot az ilyen t\u00e9ves \u00edt\u00e9let kock\u00e1zat\u00e1t\u00f3l.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When Does It Apply and When Does It Not? The so-called Covid-19 Insolvency Suspension Act (COVInsAG) entered into force retroactively as of 1 March 2020 and, subject to certain conditions, suspends the obligation of managing directors or board members to file for insolvency. It also limits, as an accompanying measure, the liability of corporate bodies [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":55381,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55380","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When Does It Apply and When Does It Not? The so-called Covid-19 Insolvency Suspension Act (COVInsAG) entered into force retroactively as of 1 March 2020 and, subject to certain conditions, suspends the obligation of managing directors or board members to file for insolvency. It also limits, as an accompanying measure, the liability of corporate bodies\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Vajk Varai-Jeges\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"google-site-verification\" content=\"0ZCEmvP3Jss6hqLOqbcJenXmykbTzE02xFLyiDZx5i8\" \/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/hun\/covid-19-obligation-to-file-for-insolvency-suspended-for-ug-gmbh-gmbh-co-kg-ag-and-registered-associations\/\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.0.1\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.nzp.de\\\/hun\\\/covid-19-obligation-to-file-for-insolvency-suspended-for-ug-gmbh-gmbh-co-kg-ag-and-registered-associations\\\/#article\",\"name\":\"Covid-19: Obligation to File for Insolvency Suspended for UG, GmbH, GmbH & Co. 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