{"id":53644,"date":"2021-09-19T08:56:20","date_gmt":"2021-09-19T06:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/ecj-ruling-on-required-components-in-consumer-credit-agreements\/"},"modified":"2026-09-08T16:23:47","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T14:23:47","slug":"ecj-ruling-on-required-components-in-consumer-credit-agreements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/tr\/tuketici-kredisi-sozlesmelerinde-bulunmasi-gereken-unsurlara-iliskin-avrupa-adalet-divani-karari\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcketici Kredisi S\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde Bulunmas\u0131 Gereken Unsurlar Hakk\u0131nda Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131 Karar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ravensburg B\u00f6lge Mahkemesi\u2019nin \u00f6n karar ba\u015fvurusu \u00fczerine Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131, t\u00fcketici kredi s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine ili\u015fkin 23 Nisan 2008 tarihli ve 2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin yorumlanmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir karar vermi\u015ftir. S\u00f6z konusu Direktif, 87\/102\/AET say\u0131l\u0131 Konsey Direktifini y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (9 Eyl\u00fcl 2021 tarihli karar, C-33\/20, C-155\/20 ve C-187\/20).<\/p>\n

Landgericht nezdindeki davan\u0131n konusu, t\u00fcketiciler ile VW, BMW ve Skoda Bank aras\u0131nda imzalanan otomobil kredisi s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleriydi. T\u00fcketiciler s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden caym\u0131\u015f; baz\u0131 durumlarda cayma hakk\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin imzalanmas\u0131ndan birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131 (AAD), b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde t\u00fcketiciler lehine karar vermi\u015ftir. Kredi s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde yer alan bilgilerin AB hukukunun gereklerini kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden cayman\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Cayma hakk\u0131n\u0131n etkili \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan temel mesele, 2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 14. maddesinin (1) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen 14 g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrenin ba\u015flay\u0131p ba\u015flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcrenin ba\u015flayabilmesi i\u00e7in t\u00fcketicinin, Direktifin 10. maddesi uyar\u0131nca gerekli t\u00fcm s\u00f6zle\u015fme \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ve bilgileri alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gerekli Bile\u015fenler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6re, 2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 10. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n a), c) ve e) bentlerinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bilgiler aras\u0131nda, kredinin \u201cba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 kredi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u201d oldu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131k ve \u00f6z bir \u015fekilde belirtilmesi ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin s\u00fcresine ili\u015fkin bilgilerin yer almas\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 10. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n l) bendi uyar\u0131nca, kredi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin imzaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihte ge\u00e7erli olan gecikme faiz oran\u0131 belirli bir y\u00fczde oran\u0131 olarak belirtilmeli ve gecikme faiz oran\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesine ili\u015fkin mekanizma a\u00e7\u0131klanmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\nHesaplama y\u00f6ntemi, ortalama bir t\u00fcketicinin kolayl\u0131kla anlayabilece\u011fi \u015fekilde d\u00fczenlenmeli ve t\u00fcketicinin yaln\u0131zca kredi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde yer alan bilgilere dayanarak gecikme faiz oran\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayabilmesine imk\u00e2n vermelidir.<\/p>\n

2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 10. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n r) bendi uyar\u0131nca, ortalama bir t\u00fcketici erken \u00f6deme h\u00e2linde \u00f6denecek tazminat\u0131n tutar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyebilmelidir. Tazminat\u0131n hesaplanma y\u00f6ntemi somut ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir \u015fekilde belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\n

2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 10. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n t) bendi uyar\u0131nca, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede mahkeme d\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fik\u00e2yet ve itiraz yollar\u0131 ile bunlara ili\u015fkin masraflar hakk\u0131nda gerekli t\u00fcm bilgiler de yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gerekli olmayan bile\u015fenler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131 (AAD), 2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 3. maddesinin n) bendi anlam\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 kredi s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin hukuki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu tutmamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, t\u00fcketicinin, kredi veren taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131c\u0131ya \u00f6denen kredi tutar\u0131 kadar sat\u0131n alma bedelini \u00f6deme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden kurtuldu\u011funun ayr\u0131ca a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekmez.<\/p>\n

2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 10. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131, AB hukuku kapsam\u0131nda uygulanabilir olmayan ulusal cayma kurallar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi verilmesini de zorunlu k\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n karar\u0131, \u00e7ok say\u0131da t\u00fcketici kredisi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan cayma hakk\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

14 g\u00fcnl\u00fck cayma s\u00fcresi, 2008\/48\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 Direktifin 10. maddesinin (2) numaral\u0131 f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bilgilerin t\u00fcketiciye verilmesiyle ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131\u2019na g\u00f6re, kredi s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde yukar\u0131da belirtilen zorunlu unsurlar\u0131n eksik olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde, hakk\u0131n kaybedildi\u011fi veya k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki itirazlar dikkate al\u0131namaz.<\/p>\n

Bu durum, baz\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan cayma hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin imzalanmas\u0131ndan y\u0131llar sonra dahi kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Uygulamada kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok s\u00f6zle\u015fme d\u00fczenlemesi, Avrupa Adalet Divan\u0131 karar\u0131nda belirtilen \u015fartlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r. Direktif, gayrimenkul \u00fczerinde rehin hakk\u0131yla teminat alt\u0131na al\u0131nan krediler hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcketici kredisi s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, \u00e7ok say\u0131da t\u00fcketici kredisi s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi bu karardan etkilenmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In a preliminary ruling on a referral from the Landgericht Ravensburg, the ECJ has ruled on the interpretation of Directive 2008\/48\/EC of 23 April 2008 on credit agreements for consumers and repealing Council Directive 87\/102\/EEC (Judgement of 9 September 2021, C-33\/20, C-155\/20 and C-187\/20). The subject of the proceedings before the Landgericht were car credit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":51105,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[960,963,2408],"class_list":["post-53644","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","tag-credit","tag-withdraw","tag-withdrawal"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t