{"id":53695,"date":"2025-09-26T11:37:58","date_gmt":"2025-09-26T09:37:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/inheritance-law-disinheritance-on-grounds-of-gross-ingratitude-or-conduct-seriously-violating-marital-obligations-what-remedies-are-available-hungarian-law\/"},"modified":"2026-07-23T11:38:48","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T09:38:48","slug":"inheritance-law-disinheritance-on-grounds-of-gross-ingratitude-or-conduct-seriously-violating-marital-obligations-what-remedies-are-available-hungarian-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/tr\/miras-hukuku-asiri-nankorluk-veya-evlilik-yukumluluklerini-ciddi-sekilde-ihlal-eden-davranislar-nedeniyle-miras-hakkindan-mahrum-birakma-macar-hukukunda-hangi-hukuki-cozum-yollari\/","title":{"rendered":"Miras Hukuku \u2013 Aile Hukukundan Do\u011fan Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin \u00d6nemli \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u0130hlali veya Evlilik Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin A\u011f\u0131r \u0130hlali Nedeniyle Miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00c7\u0131karma: Hangi Hukuki Yollara Ba\u015fvurulabilir? (Macar Hukuku)"},"content":{"rendered":"

I. Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Miras b\u0131rakan, ge\u00e7erli bir vasiyetnameyle herhangi bir miras\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 terekenin tamam\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karabilir. Bu durumda miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ki\u015fi sakl\u0131 paya da hak kazanamaz ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla miras b\u0131rakandan herhangi bir miras elde edemez. 2013 tarihli V say\u0131l\u0131 Medeni Kanun\u2019un (bundan b\u00f6yle \u201cMedeni Kanun\u201d) 7:82 (1) maddesi uyar\u0131nca sakl\u0131 pay, hak sahibinin yasal miras\u00e7\u0131 olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde elde edece\u011fi miras pay\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te biridir. Bununla birlikte Medeni Kanun\u2019un 7:77 maddesi uyar\u0131nca miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma, ancak \u00e7\u0131karma sebebinin vasiyetnamede a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmesi h\u00e2linde ge\u00e7erlidir. Bu sebepler Medeni Kanun\u2019un 7:78 maddesinde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen ba\u015fka bir sebebe dayan\u0131lmas\u0131, miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

II. Aile Hukukundan Do\u011fan Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin \u00d6nemli \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u0130hlali<\/strong><\/p>\n

Medeni Kanun\u2019un 7:78 (2) maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma sebeplerinden biri, Macar hukukunda \u201cdurva h\u00e1l\u00e1tlans\u00e1g\u201d olarak ifade edilen ve T\u00fcrk miras hukuku terminolojisiyle aile hukukundan do\u011fan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ihlali kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilecek davran\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Miras b\u0131rakan bu sebebe yaln\u0131zca ergin bir altsoyuna kar\u015f\u0131 dayanabilir. Bu sebebe dayal\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak sakl\u0131 pay hakk\u0131n\u0131n ortadan kalkmas\u0131, ancak miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karmaya esas te\u015fkil eden fiil veya ihmalleri a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmesi h\u00e2linde ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/p>\n

Macaristan Y\u00fcksek Mahkemesi (K\u00faria), Pfv.20484\/2023\/7 say\u0131l\u0131 emsal karar\u0131nda yerle\u015fik yarg\u0131 uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde teyit etmi\u015ftir: \u201cMirastan \u00e7\u0131karma sebebinin genel ifadelerle belirtilmesi yeterli de\u011fildir. Vasiyetnamedeki d\u00fczenleme ancak miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n, genel toplumsal de\u011ferlendirmeye ve bunun yarg\u0131sal yorumuna g\u00f6re bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta kabul edilen ve miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ki\u015finin kendi fiilleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak do\u011frudan kendisine atfedilebilen hukuken \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 vasiyetnamede a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde ge\u00e7erli kabul edilebilir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu sebebin de\u011ferlendirilmesinde toplumsal de\u011fer yarg\u0131lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmakla birlikte, somut davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma sebebi olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde yarg\u0131sal yorum belirleyici rol oynar. Her h\u00e2l\u00fck\u00e2rda miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan altsoya atfedilen hukuken \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan a\u011f\u0131r davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n vasiyetnamede ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Budape\u015fte B\u00f6lge \u0130stinaf Mahkemesi de Pf.20870\/2021\/6 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda, miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu bak\u0131m ve g\u00f6zetimin sa\u011flanmamas\u0131n\u0131 ve ebeveyn ile altsoy aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin tamamen kopmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7acak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bozulmas\u0131na neden olan fiil veya ihmalleri bu kapsamda de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

III. Evlilik Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin A\u011f\u0131r \u0130hlali Nedeniyle Miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00c7\u0131karma<\/strong><\/p>\n

Medeni Kanun\u2019un 7:78 (4) maddesi uyar\u0131nca evlilik y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini a\u011f\u0131r \u015fekilde ihlal eden davran\u0131\u015flar da miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma sebebi olu\u015fturabilir. \u00d6nceki durumda oldu\u011fu gibi, bu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n nitelendirilmesinde de yarg\u0131sal yorum belirleyici rol oynar.<\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131 uygulamas\u0131na g\u00f6re bu t\u00fcr davran\u0131\u015flar aras\u0131nda: zina ve e\u015fe kar\u015f\u0131 destek y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00fcrekli olarak yerine getirilmemesi yer al\u0131r. E\u015fler aras\u0131nda evlilik birli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda ortak ya\u015fam\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda ise bu sebebe dayan\u0131lmas\u0131 ge\u00e7ersiz ve gereksizdir. Medeni Kanun\u2019un 7:62 (1) maddesi uyar\u0131nca b\u00f6yle bir durumda sa\u011f kalan e\u015f miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar ve sakl\u0131 pay hakk\u0131na sahip olmaz. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma sebebi yaln\u0131zca e\u015fler aras\u0131ndaki ortak ya\u015fam\u0131n devam etti\u011fi durumlarda uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n

IV. Miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00c7\u0131karman\u0131n Etkisinin Ortadan Kalkmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Medeni Kanun\u2019un 7:79 maddesi uyar\u0131nca miras b\u0131rakan, miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma sebebini \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00f6nce yaz\u0131l\u0131 veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak affetmi\u015fse miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ki\u015fi sakl\u0131 pay\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilir. Burada aff\u0131n vasiyetnamenin d\u00fczenlenmesinden \u00f6nce mi yoksa sonra m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Aff\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 tasarruftan \u00f6nce ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi h\u00e2linde miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma kural olarak ge\u00e7ersiz olur. Aff\u0131n vasiyetnamenin d\u00fczenlenmesinden sonra ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi h\u00e2linde ise vasiyetnamenin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131na gerek kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma h\u00fckm\u00fc etkisiz h\u00e2le gelir; vasiyetnamenin di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korur.<\/p>\n

Miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma, aile hukukundan do\u011fan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ihlali niteli\u011findeki davran\u0131\u015flara dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak vasiyetnamede \u00e7\u0131karmaya temel olu\u015fturan somut davran\u0131\u015f veya sebep belirtilmemi\u015fse ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla yarg\u0131 uygulamas\u0131nda aranan \u015fartlar kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131yorsa ilgili altsoy vasiyetnameye itiraz edebilir. Bu durumda sakl\u0131 paya hak kazan\u0131r. Miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131karma h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fi, vasiyetnamenin tamam\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini etkilemez. Altsoy, itiraz hakk\u0131ndan feragat etmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla, miras\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan itibaren be\u015f y\u0131l i\u00e7inde vasiyetnameye itiraz edebilir. Vasiyetnamenin ge\u00e7erlili\u011finin kabul edilmesi de itiraz hakk\u0131ndan feragat niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yabilir.<\/p>\n

Vasiyetnameye etkili bi\u00e7imde itiraz edilmesi veya konuya ili\u015fkin profesyonel hukuki dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in hukuk b\u00fcromuzun hizmetlerinden yararlanman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye ederiz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I. Introduction In a valid will, the testator may provide that any heir be disinherited from the entire estate. This means that the disinherited heir will not even be entitled to the compulsory share and, consequently, will inherit nothing from the testator. Pursuant to Section 7:82 (1) of Act V of 2013 on the Civil […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":51389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t