{"id":55220,"date":"2019-05-16T10:58:46","date_gmt":"2019-05-16T08:58:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/?p=55220"},"modified":"2026-08-05T11:04:01","modified_gmt":"2026-08-05T09:04:01","slug":"refusal-to-cooperate-with-the-liquidator-may-give-rise-to-the-unlimited-liability-of-a-hungarian-managing-director","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nzp.de\/tr\/refusal-to-cooperate-with-the-liquidator-may-give-rise-to-the-unlimited-liability-of-a-hungarian-managing-director\/","title":{"rendered":"Tasfiye Memuruyla \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi Yapmay\u0131 Reddetmek, Macar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn S\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z Sorumlulu\u011funa Yol A\u00e7abilir"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Macaristan\u2019da, t\u00fczel ki\u015filiklerin \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticilerinin sorumlulu\u011funun saptanmas\u0131, hukuk uygulamalar\u0131nda s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan bir konudur. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, mahkemeler bu konuda her zaman tutarl\u0131 davranmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak son zamanlarda, b\u00fcromuz, bir mahkemenin, genel hukuk ilkelerine veya genel tazminat kurallar\u0131na dayanarak de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca kanunla a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a izin verilen \u015firket perdesinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 durumlar\u0131nda bir y\u00f6neticiye s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z sorumluluk y\u00fckleyebilece\u011fini belirleyen, temel \u00f6neme sahip bir karar elde etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Macaristan \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 33\/A maddesinde bu t\u00fcr a\u00e7\u0131k bir h\u00fck\u00fcm yer almaktad\u0131r. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm uyar\u0131nca, genel m\u00fcd\u00fcrler veya y\u00f6netim kurulu \u00fcyeleri gibi icra yetkilileri, tasfiyenin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihinden \u00f6nceki \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde ve iflas tehlikesi do\u011furan bir durumun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan sonra, alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n menfaatlerini gerekti\u011fi gibi g\u00f6zeterek y\u00f6netim g\u00f6revlerini yerine getirmemi\u015flerse ve bununla nedensel ba\u011flant\u0131 i\u00e7inde, ekonomik i\u015fletmenin varl\u0131klar\u0131 azalm\u0131\u015fsa veya ba\u015fka bir nedenden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n tam olarak kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 engellenebilirse, bu ki\u015filer sorumlu tutulabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu pratikte ne anlama geliyor?<\/p>\n<p>Macaristan\u2019da, \u00f6rne\u011fin Almanya\u2019n\u0131n aksine, genel olarak iflas ba\u015fvurusunda bulunma konusunda mutlak bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Ancak, bir y\u00f6netici iflas tehlikesi olu\u015fturan bir durum tespit ederse, daha sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek hukuki sorumluluktan ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131n iki yolu vard\u0131r: ya \u015firket iflas ba\u015fvurusunda bulunur ya da y\u00f6netici, bir nevi iflas idarecisi olarak hareket eder ve genel ticari \u00f6nceliklerin yerine alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n menfaatlerine \u00f6ncelik verir.<br \/>\n\u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 33\/A(5) maddesi, bir \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6neticinin m\u00fcteakip bir tasfiye s\u00fcrecinde tasfiye memuruyla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmamas\u0131 durumunda, s\u00f6z konusu y\u00f6neticinin sorumlulu\u011funa ili\u015fkin \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilir varsay\u0131mlar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemektedir.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcromuzun yak\u0131n zamanda kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir davada, mahkeme \u015fu karar\u0131 vermi\u015ftir: Davac\u0131 alacakl\u0131, sadece icra m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6rev s\u00fcresi boyunca iflas tehdidi olu\u015fturan bir durumun mevcut oldu\u011funu de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130flas Kanunu\u2019nun 27. maddesinin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca mahkemenin aksi takdirde fiili iflas\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit edece\u011fi ko\u015fullar\u0131n da mevcut oldu\u011funu iddia ederse, eski y\u00f6neticinin, iflas tehdidi olu\u015fturan bir durumun mevcut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ne iflas ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmak ne de alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n menfaatleri do\u011frultusunda \u015firketi i\u015fletmeye devam etmek zorunda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ispat etmek i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek bir imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, mahkeme, s\u00f6z konusu davada bir limited \u015firketin genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc olan eski y\u00f6neticiye ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z sorumlulu\u011fu, daha fazla inceleme yapmaks\u0131z\u0131n tespit edebilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, tasfiye halindeki \u015firketin varl\u0131klar\u0131 alacakl\u0131lar\u0131n taleplerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in yetersiz olsa bile, eski y\u00f6neticiye kar\u015f\u0131 ki\u015fisel varl\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fczerinden icra takibi ba\u015flat\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle, s\u0131k\u00e7a yanl\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde inan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Macaristan\u2019da bir genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc \u015fahsen sorumlu tutman\u0131n imk\u00e2ns\u0131z ya da neredeyse imk\u00e2ns\u0131z oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131 do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Uygun usul izlendi\u011fi takdirde, \u015firket perdesinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcze g\u00f6re, sorun, ilgili taraflar\u0131n genellikle do\u011fru uzmana ba\u015fvurmamalar\u0131 ve bunun sonucunda uzman\u0131n talepleri yanl\u0131\u015f t\u00fcrde bir usul yoluyla tahsil etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Siz de eski bir \u00fcst d\u00fczey y\u00f6netici aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir davaya dahil misiniz? <\/p>\n<p>L\u00fctfen bizimle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7mekten \u00e7ekinmeyin.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In Hungary, holding executive officers of legal entities liable is a frequent issue in legal practice. In the past, the courts were not always consistent in this respect. Recently, however, our firm obtained a decision of fundamental importance, which established that a court may find an executive officer to have unlimited liability not by relying [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":55221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In Hungary, holding executive officers of legal entities liable is a frequent issue in legal practice. In the past, the courts were not always consistent in this respect. 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