Franchise verenler, tutarl\u0131 bir da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m sistemini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek ve franchise alanlara e\u015fit muameleyi sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla genellikle tek tip franchise s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri kullan\u0131rlar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler, Alman Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun (BGB) 305(1) maddesinin 1. c\u00fcmlesi anlam\u0131nda standart h\u00fck\u00fcm ve ko\u015fullar te\u015fkil eder. Taraflarca bireysel olarak m\u00fczakere edilmedikleri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, bu s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler standart \u015fartlara ili\u015fkin s\u0131k\u0131 bir yarg\u0131 denetimine tabidir.<\/p>\n
Bu ba\u011flamda baz\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 kararlar dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Federal Adalet Mahkemesi (BGH XII ZR 1\/17), s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda, uzat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in fesih bildiriminin en ge\u00e7 ne zamana kadar verilmesi gerekti\u011finin a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmemesi halinde, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin otomatik olarak uzat\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir maddenin \u015feffafl\u0131k eksikli\u011fi nedeniyle ge\u00e7ersiz oldu\u011funa h\u00fckmetmi\u015ftir. Bu durum, do\u011fal olarak franchise s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri de dahil olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. S\u00f6z konusu davada, BGH, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ihbar s\u00fcresinin sona ermesi konusunda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclemeyen bir belirsizlik oldu\u011funu de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. BGH, son fesih tarihine ili\u015fkin \u015feffafl\u0131k eksikli\u011finin, s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraf\u0131n\u0131n fesih hakk\u0131n\u0131 etkili bir \u015fekilde kullanamamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmi\u015ftir. Bu t\u00fcr bir h\u00fck\u00fcm ge\u00e7ersizdir.
\nBu nedenle, franchise s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ve feshi ya da s\u00f6zle\u015fme s\u00fcresinin sona ermesi konusunda a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca, standart \u015fartlar ve ko\u015fullarla ilgili BGH\u2019nin VII ZR 308\/16 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 da ilgi \u00e7ekicidir. S\u00f6z konusu karara g\u00f6re, bir kupon defteri ihra\u00e7\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan standart \u015fart ve ko\u015fullarda yer alan sabit tutarl\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme cezas\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. BGH\u2019nin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re, bu h\u00fck\u00fcm ge\u00e7ersizdir; zira \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen yapt\u0131r\u0131m, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme ihlallerine bile orant\u0131s\u0131zd\u0131r ve bu nedenle, iyi niyet ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak s\u00f6zle\u015fme taraf\u0131n\u0131 makul olmayan bir dezavantaja sokmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu ba\u011flamda, ya her bir ihlale \u00f6zel olarak d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f bir h\u00fck\u00fcm getirilmesi \u2014 her ne kadar bu, \u00e7ok kapsaml\u0131 hale gelebilece\u011fi i\u00e7in pratik olmayabilir \u2014 ya da franchisor\u2019un, her bir vakan\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak makul takdir yetkisi dahilinde ceza tutar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyece\u011fi bir h\u00fck\u00fcm eklenmesi tavsiye edilir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Franchisors generally use uniform franchise agreements for the purposes of maintaining a consistent distribution system and ensuring equal treatment of franchisees. These agreements therefore constitute standard terms and conditions within the meaning of section 305(1) sentence 1 of the German Civil Code (BGB). To the extent that they are not individually negotiated by the parties, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":55592,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t